An Apology Letter Essay

The electron microscope was first created in 1933 and magnified up to a million times. First electron microscope was a transmission. It used electrons to recreate an image. Scanning electron microscope developed later, it uses a beam of particles to scan across specimen to recreate image of its surface. They are used for the viewing of biological and inorganic species. Electron microscope has higher resolution than light microscope allowing higher magnification. Light microscope has limited magnification as there is a physical limit imposed by photons. The stereomicroscope has low level of magnification, but gives 3-D view. Electron microscopes give a view of structures that would not normally be visible by optical microscopy. Bonus to light microscopes is that it is possible to view living cells, in the electron microscope the specimen must be dry so it is not possible to observe the living. Anti-body viruses were first observed by electron microscope in 1941. Electron tomography ha s demonstrated the structure of viruses. Had discovers with cell ultrastructure’s and individual atoms have been observed. It has viewed nerve and muscle cells and various pollen has been observed. The compound light microscope or optical microscope is a piece of technology that uses light and magnifying lenses to observe small objects which cannot be seen by the naked eye. The ingenious theory behind light and magnification combined; forms a complex enhancement of specimen identification/observation. Light microscopes enable more opportunities for knowledge in biology, research, and material science. The light microscope can magnify up to a whopping 1,500 times! Therefore the specimen has to be small enough for light to pass through it and it displays a 2D view of the specimen. The compound light microscope is able to have one eyepiece (monocular) or two eyepieces (binocular) to look through. Light microscopes were used to discover a very important specimen. They were used to discover cells such as blood cells. The stereo microscope is known as the optical microscope. It has low magnification. It reflects light off the specimen, it has two separate optical paths and is used to study solid specimens. The primary use for the stereomicroscope is looking at large and solid surfaces or specimens. The microscope allows for detailed work such as microsurgery, watch making and circuit board manufacturing. When Robert Hooke published his book Micrographia in 1665 it became a best seller. Hooke had made one of the first microscopes. With it, he observed many types of living things and  made accurate drawings of what he saw, as his detailed picture of the flea shows (Figure 1.4). Hooke’s most famous achievement, as far as science was concerned, was his diagram of very thin slices of cork (Figure 1.5). He was surprised to see that, under the microscope, the cork looked like a piece of honeycomb. He described the ‘holes’ and their boundaries in the ‘honeycomb’ as cells because they reminded him of the rooms in a monastery. Hooke had discovered plant cells. Although some called Micrographia ‘the most ingenious book ever’, others ridiculed Hooke for spending so much time and money on ‘trifling pursuits’. Thankfully for us, and for the whole science of microbiology, which developed from this discovery of cells, Hooke ignored the taunts and kept experimenting with microscopes. It was because of Hooke’s important contribution to microbiology that other scientists went on to develop a further understanding of cells. Cell theory describes the main ideas about the importance of cells and their role in living things. It was first proposed in 1839 by two German biologists, Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden. In 1858, Rudolf Virchow concluded the final part of the classic cell theory. The combined cell theory included the following three principles: all organisms are composed of one or more cells cells are the basic unit of life and structure new cells are created from existing cells. Any living thing that has more than one cell is referred to as multicellular, but there are many living things, such as bacteria, that consist of only one cell! These are called single-celled or unicellular organisms. Micro-organisms are often referred to as microbes. You probably know people who wear glasses to help them read. The glass or plastic lenses magnify the size of the text. In the same way, microscopes magnify the size of the object placed under them. The first microscopes were very basic. However, over time their magnifying ability has improved. Scientists can now look at images that have been magnified thousands of times using various systems of lenses. This makes it possible to study the structure of cells. The stereomicroscope is used for viewing larger objects, such as insects (Figure 1.15). It can magnify up to 200 times and shows a three-dimensional view of  small things. The compound light microscope (Figure 1.16) is used to observe thin slices of specimens, such as blood cells. It can magnify up to 1500 times. Its view is flat—that is, two dimensional. The specimen must be thin enough to allow light to pass through it. The stereomicroscope has two eyepieces to look through, whereas the compound light microscope can have one or two eyepieces. The word monocular is used to describe a microscope with one eyepiece (mono = one). Microscopes with two lenses are called binocular (bi = two). The compound light microscope uses the effect of two lenses (one in the eyepieces and one further down the column called the objective lens) combined with light to give a greater magnification. It can be used to observe much smaller things than those seen under a stereomicroscope. To look at cells clearly through a compound light microscope, very thin layers of a sample must be used. The light has to be able to get through or all you will see is a dark shadow—a bit like a leadlight window. Most cells are clear in colour, so a stain, like iodine, is used to help make them more visible by providing contrast. Although light microscopes, like the compound light microscope and stereomicroscope, had served scientists well for more than 300 years, the explosion of new technology in the 20th century led to the invention of more complex microscopes, such as electron microscopes. An electron microscope uses electrons (tiny negatively charged particles) to create images. The first electron microscope, the transmission electron microscope (TEM), was invented in 1933 to help study the structure of metals. The scanning electron microscope (SEM), developed later, uses a beam of electrons to scan across a specimen and to recreate the image, showing details of its surface. Electron microscopes can magnify up to a million times! Using this technology, many more details of the cell that were formerly invisible to scientists are now beginning to be understood. The development of the synchrotron is one of the biggest changes to microscopes. Synchrotrons are ‘microscopes’ that are about the size of a football field and cost a fortune to build. The synchrotron provides even more magnification than an electron microscope and can ‘see’ down to the level of the molecules (particles) that make up substances. There are currently forty-three synchrotrons across the world. Australia’s synchrotron opened in 2007 and is located near Monash University, in Melbourne. There are many beneficial applications of  synchrotron science. For example, researchers can use the synchrotron to invent ways to tackle diseases, make plants more productive and metals more resilient.

Discuss evolutionary explanations of gender Essay

According to the evolutionary explanations of gender, the reasons behind gender roles and characteristics seen today is due to the passing down of genes through natural selection from our ancestors who were able to successfully survive and reproduce over 500,000 years ago. Natural selection is the process of physical and psychological traits being passed down from one generation to another due to it being advantageous to survival and reproduction. For example humans with a wider hand shape were able to toss spears better when hunting and therefore were able to successfully survive and reproduce resulting in humans today particularly men having larger and wider hands. A stem of natural selection is known as sexual selection. Sexual selection is the process of passing down traits both physical and psychological that are an advantage for attracting mates for reproduction. The evolutionary theory for gender believes that due to sexual selection gender behaviours, such as females being child-rearing and males being workers occur. From these processes, evolutionary psychologists developed the hunting hypothesis. The hunting hypothesis states that the men who were hunters during the evolutionary stages and were successful due to their strength, aggression and spatial skills were able to survive and pass on their genes. The weaker men who were less aggressive and had less spatial skills were unable to survive and reproduce meaning these genes died off thus resulting in men today being more aggressive, strong and having good spatial skills. As woman did not hunt and we more likely to be raising the children and caring for others, they were less aggressive, strong, and had less spatial skills. Instead woman during these days had better communicational skills and according to this theory, it is due to this that woman today are better at communicating than men and are usually also weaker and less aggressive. Another theory supported by evolutionary psychologists as an explanation for gender is known as the parental investment theory devised by Trivers (1972) which states that the differences in the investment in a child and future reproduction are due to evolutionary differences. For example, during the evolutionary ages men were likely to have sex with numerous women in order to successfully pass on their genes. Therefore these characteristics were passed down in natural selection and can be used to explain why men today tend to be far more promiscuous than women. In females, during the evolutionary ages woman searched and preferred men with good resources and genes for themselves and their offspring. Evolutionary psychologists and Trivers believe that this is the reason for woman today being less promiscuous and being more careful when selecting a mate. (AO2): Support for Trivers Parental Investment comes from research carried out by Buss (1989) who sampled 10,000 males and females from 33 different countries and asked what they looked for in a partner for marriage. Buss found that women said they look for ‘good financial reports’ in men and men said they look for ‘physical attractiveness’ and ‘younger females’. This supports Trivers theory as it provides evidence of woman placing an important on resources and men on physical attractiveness and young woman which may be in order for successful reproduction. Buss’s research was highly reliable due to the large sample used and various countries participating. This made the study generalizable to a wide population. Buss also used questionnaires in his study which was a good experimental method as it allowed the possibility of a large sample, however the use of questionnaires exposes the research to social desirability bias as the participants may have answered the questions falsely in order to appear acceptable. This matters because this could mean the results found many not be valid. Although the results provide a strong support for Trivers theory in explaining gender, the results given may not be a valid support, suggesting for research must be carried out in order to fully support Trivers theory of parental investment in explaining gender. Another supporting study comes from research carried out by psychologists in Lancaster University. They repeated the research carried out on Buss on a smaller sample using an online questionnaire with undergraduates and found that women chose wealth as the most important in a mate and men chose attractiveness. This supports the parental investment theory as it shows the evidence of the gender difference in men and women in terms of reproduction and commitment. This study is also highly reliable as the study can be easily repeated and provide the same results. However due to the study being carried on only undergraduates the results cannot be generalised to a wider population of older adults and elderly. This matters because although it provides evidence of the evolutionary approach of gender being seen today, we cannot be sure that the results given in this study was purely down to genetics rather than other factors such as individual differences. This suggests that more research must be carried out focusing on genetics in order to support Trivers theory as an explanation for gender. The evolutionary explanation of gender provides a valid approach to gender behaviours and characteristics which can be clearly seen today and supported in research. However this approach fails to consider other factors in gender such as psychological factors. For example women desiring men with wealth due to economic reasons such as less jobs, rather than the successful rearing of children. Also the evolutionary approach fails to provide an explanation for the promiscuity of women today or the men that do not want to have children. These situations are best explained by social approaches suggesting that a theory considering both genetics and social factors would be best in explaining gender.

Cemetery Where Al Jolson Is Buried English Literature Essay

Cemetery Where Al Jolson Is Buried English Literature Essay Loss of A Loved One. Amy Hempel’s short story, â€Å"In the Cemetery Where Al Jolson Is Buried† is a semi autobiography heartrending story dedicated to her beloved friend, Jessica Wolfson, who died from terminally ill. This short story shows complicated emotions and feelings of grief and fear after losing a loved one. The narrator and the dying friend are unnamed due to affect the reader to get the story more personally. Hempel does not mention the names of the characters so the reader can imagine themselves related to the narrator and her dying friend by placing the emotions and feelings of their own to be the part of story. By revealing the characters’ names in the story might present the reader not to get from the feelings of empathy and grief over losing beloved friend. The style of â€Å"In the Cemetery Where Al Jolson Is Buried† is minimalism by using an economy with words and a focus on surface description instead of using superfluous with words an d a depict of description. Hempel does well with this style because she can achieve amazingly throughout the critics. This short story is her first effort at writing story when she composed in Gordon Lish’s class at Columbia. Her stories are very well-known because they were taught among university student in the class of short stories worldwide. â€Å"In the Cemetery Where Al Jolson Is Buried† originally appeared in TriQuarterly magazine in 1983 and then reprinted in Amy Hempel’s first published collection of stories in 1985, Reasons to Live, as the most widely anthologized stories of the last quarter century. Hempel is now well-known as postmodern writer. She writes in theme of tragic comedy as if she attempts to hide the grief and sadness behind the smile. Hempel avoids the words mean exactly death in her story by using the symbol of death instead. It seems like she is still cannot cope with the grief and the loss. Even this story is minimalism but Hempel use s her talents to make reader understand her work like she is painting on the canvas page. Her language in this story is very beautiful by creating sentences as remarkable with the use of rhetoric and rhythm. Due to Amy Hempel’s interview with the Paris Review magazine she was asked how to make stories strive for cohesion, from language to logic, to how an image develops. She told that the topic is music. Amy Hempel said: â€Å"I have started a story knowing the beat, the rhythm of the first line or first paragraph, but without knowing what the words are. I will be doing the equivalent of humming a tune over and over again and then this tune will be translated into a sentence. So I might be thinking, da-da-da-da-da-da-dadada, that will become, â€Å"Tell me things I won’t mind forgetting,† which is the first line of In the Cemetery Where Al Jolson Is Buried† (Hempel Interview. The Art of Fiction No. 176) This story setting is in hospital near California co ast. The narrator reveals her grief story with her dying friend who is unnamed. Both have much great time together since they were in college. The narrator has delayed visiting her ill best friend for two months because she fears of death and loss. The friend asks the narrator to tell her something that she will not mind forgetting. Stories that the narrator tells her dying friend are quite humor and light, the stories that are nonsense and trivia. Her friend enjoys listening to her story except the sad story one about the chimp that has a heartbreaking in the end. Then the doctor enters her friend room and the narrator decides to walk out at the beach near the hospital. At the beach the narrator is walking along the coast while thinking about the relationship between her and her dying friend. The narrator returns from the beach and lies down near the friend watching a movie together while eating ice cream. Both fall asleep because of the injection. When the narrator wakes up, she t ells her friend that she really wants to go home and she will not come back for sure. Actually, the narrator fears that she does not want to see a loved one die in front of her. Even though she feels weak, small, failed and also exhilarated but she still feels guilty that she has left her terminally ill friend alone. When the narrator said that she want to go home, the dying friend is speechless. She yanks off her mask and throws it on the floor and runs out of the room following the narrator. Next morning her friend is moved to the cemetery, the only one where Al Jolson is buried. The narrator is never come back to visit her or even visit her funeral ceremony. She is still being afraid of death and loss because she is not allowing herself to grieve the truth that her best friend is now died.

Character education parents as partners Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Character education parents as partners - Essay Example The school is influential but parents are even more so. Indeed, when considering any, and all, of social, moral, behavioral and academic development, the researchers determine that parental influence is profound. Indeed, it exceeds the weight of the school's influence. As a testament to the incontrovertibility of this particular fact, it is readily admitted by schools, in addition to which, federal, state and local documents routinely begin by acknowledging that parents have the greatest influence on children's character development. Following the identification of the seminal role which parents play in character development within the context of early childhood education, the researchers embark upon a more detailed analysis of the complexities of character education. In brief, and as may be deduced from Berkowitz and Bier's (2005) discursive analysis, character education my be defined as a comprehensive school-based approach to the fostering of students' moral development. It is interesting to note here that even as they outline the centrality of parents to character development and quite effectively maintain that their influence far outweighs that of the school, the researchers define character development as a school-based approach. Rather than imply that the researchers are contradicting themselves, this is indicative of the complexity of the concept of character. Teachers recognize the complexity of character development in early childhood education and, accordingly, tend to welcome parental involvement. Certainly, the researchers do not claim that all educators immediately recognize the advantages, even imperatives, of parental involvement. They do argue, however, that it is quite possible to persuade educators of the complexity of character development, hence the importance of parental involvement, through simple exercises. One would be to ask educators to name their moral hero and then write down a list of his/her characteristics. The length and diversity of the lists subsequently generated evidence the complexity of character. Alternatively, educators could be asked to draw a composite picture of their favorite student. The richness and complexity of the resultant picture, once again, evidences the complexity of the concept of character. In other words, establishing the imperatives of parental involvement as a result of the complexity of character, is not a difficult task. Following the above stated, the researchers embark upon a more detailed analysis of the imperatives of parental involvement in early childhood education. Berkowitz and Bier (2005) are hardly alone in their insistence of the benefits of parental involvement as Henderson and Berla (1994) make the same point. Henderson and Berla (1994) identify parental involvement as the single most important predicator of student success in school. A host of researchers concur and list the benefits of parental involvement as all of improved academic performance, reduced absenteeism rates, greater academic motivation, improved behavior and lower dropout rates (Colker, n.d.; Henderson & Mapp, 2002; Jordan, Orozco, & Averett, 2001). Parents influence their child(ren)'s school outcomes through direct school involvement and, indeed, through a myriad of other ways and means which

High Dropout Rates in the United Sates Research Paper

High Dropout Rates in the United Sates - Research Paper Example In the recent years, California schools in the United States have registered high rates of dropout particularly among African-Americans. As result of many factors, this has raised the concerns of many of the parties involved in the education sector. These parties include government agencies departments, and the non- governmental organizations. The revelation of the high dropouts in schools has led to a research being carried out through cooperation and collaboration of the various agencies to investigate the trends, reasons behind this problem and how this can be curbed and reduced. Government has instituted a four year research to study the trends of the high dropout rates, establish the reasons behind the trend, investigate the efforts to reverse the trend, and come up with amicable recommendations to solve this problem. According to previously carried out research, there is difference in the rates of dropouts among the various races. Race distribution in any Californian school determines the rate of drop out the school will experience over time. High dropout rates are recorded among the minorities with African-American recording the highest rates. Whites and Asians have in the past recorded the lowest rates of dropout from schools. This is because of reasons associated with the background of the students, parental expectations, and faculty expectations. The expectations held of the student by the society at large either demoralize or motivate the students in pursuit of their education.

An enemy of the People by Arthur Miller Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

An enemy of the People by Arthur Miller - Essay Example In his play entitled â€Å"An enemy of the People,† Henrik Ibsen uses the character of Dr. Stockmann to bring out the extent to which the society can compromise the desires and beliefs of an individual. Reading through the play, one gets to understand how hard it is for people who have compromised their principles to be confronted by someone who has not. The use of the styles of characterization, irony, and symbolism help the author to show the reader ways in which a person can be disliked by the very same society he is doing his best to help. Dr. Stockmann, the main character of the play is a popular practicing medical doctor as well as the medical officer of a small coastal town in Norway. He is the brother of the mayor, an authoritative figure in the town. In the play, Dr. Stockmann is the protagonist who struggles to do the right thing and stand against the social intolerances that he encounters in his day to day activities. As a health officer of the town, Dr. Stockmann d iscovers a problem with pollution that is causing illnesses to the town’s tourists. To this effect, he comes up with a solution to the pollution problem which he presents to the Mayor. However, he discovers that it would not be an easy task to get the attention of the authorities and the townspeople as it becomes clear to him that they only care about the financial gain of the baths and not the problems they present. He realizes that he is alone in his quest for being right and notes â€Å"†¦..† (Ibsen 1011). Dr. Stockmann experiences a lot of negativity from the very same people of the town he is trying to help. When he discovers the extent of pollution in the waters, he believes that people will be interested in finding a solution. However, the townspeople, even his friends term him an â€Å"enemy of the people† mainly because his suggestions take the prosperity associated with the benefits of the baths back. He even notes himself "I've decided. I am an Enemy of the People"(Ibsen 1028) when he finally accepts that most of the towns people will never support him. This brings out irony in the play. It is ironic because Dr. Stockmann had the best of intentions when he proposed limiting the damages of pollution by closing the baths. In any case, the people are their own enemy because their greed and desire for prosperity will in the end bring harm and destruction to the town. It is clear that people do not realize the shortsightedness of their stand against Dr. Stockmann’s opi nion of what is best for the town. Ibsen’s use of imagery as brought out by the character of Dr. Stockmann who points out images of pollution throughout the play. At the beginning, Dr. Stockman literally discovers the polluted baths which in this case, are getting polluted by literal filth from the tanneries. As the play progresses, images of dirty water are used as a symbolic representation of moral and societal corruption. According to Roshwald, there is the physical filth, as well as moral pollution, and one can see the biological poison as a representation of the moral corruption in the society (229). In a community, there are always selfish individuals who have compromised their principles and find it challenging when confronted by someone of integrity. The mayor is dishonest and callous, but his brother is an honest man and that is why as Roshwald notes, Dr. Stockman accuses his brother by saying â€Å"We are making our living by retailing filth and corruption!†

Ethical Dillemas and Decision Making Processes Essay

Ethical Dillemas and Decision Making Processes - Essay Example In this essay the researcher attempts to briefly describe various ethical frame-works that are currently used to evaluate and critically engage with the relevance and urgency of values in social work. The researcher believes that it is important to do so because it helps people understand, grapple with and clearly articulate the complexities and contestations involved in values in social work thus helping to build shared meaning and provide alternate explanatory frameworks to aid analysis of ethical dilemmas. The process of reflection on ethical issues is a level deeper than a concrete problem-solving exercise that may not require an in-depth exploration of personal values. A combination of these two can not only decrease the ease with which social workers may come to a decision in crisis situations but also provide people with a richer understanding of the stakes involved in this profession and encourage people to reflect upon their own dispositions and actions, thus ensuring greate r ethicality in their practise and leaving open the possibility of constant dialogue and support. The researcher moves on to examine the vignette provided and attempt to analyse it in relation to the various ethical frame-works and directives for social values that are available in the field of social service. To conclude, the researcher also tries to point out, staying within the scope of this essay, the critiques of the various theories that were elaborated on as well as his own take on some of the issues discussed.

The ethical, theoretical, research and practice based aspects of Essay

The ethical, theoretical, research and practice based aspects of mindfulness in relation to One Mindfullness Approach - Essay Example To understand this we will have to explore the term mindfulness and its connection with the concept of well being. Mindfulness is a concept that is closely related to Buddhism and Hinduism, and other similar traditions where conscious awareness is propagated. Mindfulness can be defined as â€Å"the clear and single-minded awareness of what actually happens to us and in us at the successive moments of perception† (Nyanaponika Thera, 1972, p.5). It has also been defined as â€Å"keeping one’s consciousness alive to the present reality† (Hanh, 1976, 11). Recent researches in this line have reached the conclusion that if mindfulness is enhanced by proper guidance and training, it brings in positive results. Various negative attributes in a human mind like that of stress, anxiety, depression, mental disorders, and health related problems like cancer are alleviated to some extent, when treated with the mindfulness theory, that apply yoga and Buddhist traditional approa ches used for the alleviation of distress. In this process the patient can be guided to follow the practices of mindfulness with various applicable approaches, from the perspectives of psychoanalytic and cognitive-behavioural aspects. This article will explore the validity of claims that applying the theories of mindfulness can lead to betterment of mind and body. It will study all the concepts associated with the ethical, theoretical, research and practice based aspects in context with the well being approach of mindfulness. It will also evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention on various health disorders like anxiety, cancer, and depression and will establish the effectiveness of this procedure when applied for psychological well being. The concept of mindfulness: Mindfulness can be explained in various ways. The most basic way to rationalise this concept is to seek its

Programmatic Changes in the Islamic Politics Assignment

Programmatic Changes in the Islamic Politics - Assignment Example People of the west have been misinformed about Islam as some of their journalists have disseminated wrong information about Islam and created a bad impression about the religion. Though, some of these aspersions are relatively true as some minor members of the Islamic community are guilty of what they have been accused of, but this is not to say that the whole Islamic community should be regarded as being demonic. In view of these accusations, the government of the Islamic countries should create a medium that would seek to portray the good image of Islam and the people that practice the religion to the Western countries and this would go a long way in correcting the wrong impression that has already been created about the religion. The Muslim societies have been known to practice a religion that does not permit freedom in their societies. The negativity in this impression should also be corrected as the religion does not tolerate sin and frowns against performing activities that could cause a person to commit sin. The Islamic community is, in fact, a free society as the individuals in these societies have the freedom to choose and do what they liked as long as it does not impede on their religion and take their hearts away from their God. The only thing that could be said not be free in Islam is that they do not have the freedom to sin and the act of doing this attracts severe penalties in the religion. The Western civilization, which is known for its principle of freedom and the protection of the fundamental human rights of its citizen claim that Islam does not guarantee freedom to all. They are of the opinion that the laws of Islam do not permit freedom to the bulk of its citizen, which includes women and the youths.

Two Companies in the Leisure Industry Coursework

Two Companies in the Leisure Industry - Coursework Example Hence, in addition for being a leisure getaway for the locals, it is also a tourist attraction directly competing with the above mentioned attractions. The idea conceived by a husband and wife architecture team in 1989 and with the backing of British Airways it took them one and half year to complete the project. The London Eye in particular under the operation of the Tussauds Group that is in charge of other popular attractions mentioned earlier. The London Eye had outdone other London attractions in visitors number, which is at around 3.5 million a year (Barfield, 2007). As the tallest Ferris wheel in Europe and worldwide, it has few competitors that are taller. The tallest Ferris wheel is located in Singapore and it stands 165 meters, while the London Eye stands at 135 meters making it the third tallest Ferris wheel after Star of Nanchang at 160 meters. The 32 sealed and air-conditioned capsules can hold 25 people and allow them enough room to walk around. One complete round takes around 30 minutes and because of the involved slow speed, passengers can walk on and off the capsules without it stopping to accommodate them. The current owner as mentioned earlier is the Tussauds Group that was able to buy out British Airways and Marks Barfield, the family who were among the lead architects. The Tussauds Group after its purchase in 2007 by Merlin Entertainment and currently London Eye is officially knows as the Merlin Entertainment London Eye and the British Airways brand name is slowly giving way to the new brand name (Mann et. al, 2001) (BBC News). It is a successful attraction attested by the fact that since its opening around 30 million people had ridden in its capsules. The new owner is also leaving its print on the Ferris wheel by opening 4D theatre. It does not mean London Eyes did not have financial problems since it was besieged financially in the outset and later on, since some of the land it stands on belonged to other sources that had demanded a huge amount of rent, from 64.000 pound a year to 2.5 million pounds a year (Reece, 2001). However, the mayor of London had intervened and was able to obtain a 25 year lease on behalf of the Ferris wheel that will cost it around 500.000 pounds a year. Arena Leisure Plc Arena Leisure Plc is also another UK company based in London and it operates seven of the UK’s horse racing tracks. The company that started in 1997 also has under its wings golf courses, hotels and an interest of at least 47% stake At The Races making is in charge of at least 25 % of the horse racing business in the UK. The company claims that it has three main divisions namely racing, it operates the known UK race tracks, catering, it creates its own events and cater for others’ events, and At The Races is broadcasting what takes place in the UK and Irish horse racing. Its racing divisions consists of seven tracks and it is from this ownership the 25% share of the racetrack control comes from. In addition, t he company is involved in leisure activity that it avails through Lingfield Park Marriott Hotel and a country club with an 18-hole golf club. Its catering division is in charge of catering at the seven horse racing tracks. While its catering division is in charge of catering at the seven horseracing tracks, it has successfully won the bid to provide catering at some of the 2012 Olympic games. The company’

Theme of indolence explored in ode on indolence Essay Example for Free

Theme of indolence explored in ode on indolence Essay Ode on indolence is the praise of indolence/sluggishness; it makes the claim of the attractions of lethargy being more alluring than the attractions of the more active emotions of love, ambition and poetry. It is the admiration of the state of non-doing and non-feeling. The ode is a simple, straight forward story of a man who spends a lazy summer day in a state of numbness and does not want his visions of love, ambition and poesy to disrupt his indolence. These three figures are strikingly contrasted to the condition of indolence. The poetic persona could be Keats himself. The ode begins with the poetic persona seeing three figures one summer morning passing him by in a dream/vision, as if on a marble urn they returned with each turn of the vase. Their description resembles that of pilgrims with bowed necks, and joined hands wearing placid sandals and white robes, they were seen in profile. The figures are called shades and strange, the narrator is confused and cannot identify them. The narrators confusion is shown in the next stanza with the repetition of the questions regarding the identity and the nature of the figures. The word ripe is used to describe his time of idleness; this has positive innuendo and gives the impression of richness. The figures were robbing him of his summer-indolence, they are described as constructing a deep-disguised plot and are said to steal. These terms are negative and show these figures to be menacing or malevolent at least to a slight degree. In contrast indolence is compared to a blissful cloud that favourably makes pain numb and takes its sting away [metaphor], however it also takes the joy away from pleasure or pleasures wreath no flower [metaphor]. The narrator begs the shadows to leave him to his much longed-for nothingness. The term used- shadows insinuates the visions are dark and ominous. The third verse is commenced with yet another question addressing the reason for the figures appearance. His confusion is echoed in the word baffled. His soul is compared to a beautiful lawn strewn with flowers, stirring shades and baffled beams; the sky was clouded but there was no rain, only dew drops called the sweet tears of May. This pristine image of the narrators soul is brought on by the state of inactivity, thus we are made to believe that this state of being is desirable or covetable. He wants to bid farewell to the three shadows. The fourth verse shows the third turn of the urn and brings forth the realisation of the there figures- the fair maid love, ambition pale of cheek with fatigued eye and the maiden most unmeek poesy. Their description has negative connotations; only love is shown in a slightly positive light. In this verse the narrator feels intense urge to follow the three and longed for wings to fly in pursuit of them. Poesy is said to be the most appealing of the three and is called a demon; this could be justified by saying that it is because the narrator finds poesy most difficult to resist and it holds an almost enchantment like hold on him. Keats has expressed his wish to fly on the wings of poesy before in another poem. In the fifth stanza a question is posed to love to establish its elusive nature. Love is also criticised as being fleeting and short-lived and not to mention folly. Ambition on the other hand is condemned as being a mortal emotion that springs from the human heart. From other poems- ode to a nightingale or ode on a Grecian urn- we know that Keats has trouble with mortality and impermanence. And as for poesy, it has not a joy compared to honied indolence- the narrator would rather be devoid of common-sense and spend his drowsy noons numb and listless completely ignorant to the world around him [I may never know how change the moons]. The concluding stanza says adieu to the three and marks their defeat in rousing the narrator from his laziness. He commands the phantoms to vanish and never more return. He banishes them back to the dreamy urn and reduces them to faint visions. But taking into account that the state of indolence as compared to the three visions is hardly mentioned, it is not very convincing that the poetic persona prefers indolence over his other temptations [especially after reading some of his other poems]. It does however come across that he is trying to deny his passions even to himself.

Death of a Nation Essay Example for Free

Death of a Nation Essay Clifford Dowdey’s Death of a Nation: The Story of Lee and His Men at Gettysburg is a military history examining the Confederate loss at this epic battle, particularly the decision-making process and the Southern commanders’ failure to perform up to their potential. Partly a fawning defense of Robert E. Lee and partly an insightful study of why the South even dared invade the North, it demonstrates the author’s Southern bias without trying to justify slavery, as well as Dowdey’s fusion of history and storytelling. The book looks almost exclusively at the Civil War’s largest battle, in which Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia invaded the North in hopes of scaring Lincoln into halting the war and recognizing the Confederacy. Instead, as Dowdey’s title implies, it proved the Confederacy’s apex as a military power, beginning its two-year decline and ultimate collapse. Dowdey, a native of Richmond, Virginia, who produced numerous histories and novels about the Civil War, takes a decided pro-Southern stance and offers a rather generous view both of the Confederacy, never approaching its defense of slavery, and of Lee, the inventive, chance-taking commander who proved the South’s greatest leader. The first chapter, â€Å"Rendezvous with Disaster,† conveys in its title how Dowdey sees the battle, yet he is loath to blame Lee for the loss. He opens with an account of Confederate troops invading Pennsylvania, depicting them not as a menacing enemy but as a somewhat merry band: â€Å"[The] Confederate soldiers had not committed acts of vandalism or abused the inhabitants. On the contrary, the troops had been highly good-humored in the face of taunts and insults† (3). The author then introduces the general as a striking, almost godlike figure, quoting an officer who deemed him â€Å"a kingly man whom all men who came into his presence expected to obey† (5); this description recurs throughout the book. Subsequent chapters describe the buildup and the battle itself. In chapter two, â€Å"The Opening Phase,† Dowdey portrays the decision-making process that led to Lee’s invasion of Pennsylvania as a Jefferson Davis-engineered travesty, â€Å"a necessary expedient in the policy of static, scattered defensiveness† (27). The author considers Lee almost a victim of Davis’ vanity, rigidity, and inability to admit his own lack of military expertise, and he absolves the man he believes â€Å"embodied the image of the patriarchal planter who, as military leader, assumed benevolent responsibility for his domain† (33). Throughout the battle, which dominates much of the book, Dowdey introduces Lee’s subordinates as characters in a novel or drama, describing their personalities in lively, even somewhat chatty detail. Jeb Stuart, whose cavalry failed in its reconnaissance duties before the fighting began, appears as a capable soldier who refused to believe he erred; Richard Ewell is a crusty but soft-hearted eccentric whose marriage softened his fighting skills; and John B. Hood is â€Å"a fighter, not a thinker† (174). He reserves his harshest criticisms for James Longstreet, deeming the lone general to openly question Lee’s decision to wage the unwise assault best known as Pickett’s Charge, a lying defeatist. Dowdey claims that â€Å"objective historians and Longstreet partisans have tried to re-evaluate him outside the text of controversy. This is almost impossible. . . . Many other men performed below their potential at Gettysburg, but only James Longstreet absolved himself by blaming Lee† (340). By the end of the book, one realizes that Dowdey will not concede that the figure he admires may have simply made fatal errors at Gettysburg. Dowdey’s descriptions of the battle cover the three days in a generally accurate but not original manner. He alternates between broad, sweeping pictures of dramatic combat and close-up accounts of individual Confederate units and soldiers. (He gives little mention to Union action throughout the book, making clear that his sole interest is depicting Lee’s army and not providing a holistic history of the battle. ) Though his approach provides reliable but not groundbreaking information, Dowdey makes clear that he considers Lee’s defeat not the venerable commander’s fault (despite his own tendency to take long chances against the larger and better-armed Union Army), but rather his subordinates’ inability to perform as competently as they had in previous battles. In this account, Stuart’s ego kept him from realizing he failed in his scouting duties, A. P. Hill lost his usually strong will, Richard Anderson staged a poor excuse for an assault on Cemetery Ridge with undisciplined, poorly-led Carolinian troops (rather than the Virginians that Dowdey, the Virginian, favors), and Ewell did not adequately prepare his troops for their attack. While Dowdey concedes that Lee, â€Å"alone in the center of the vacuum, could not have been less aware of the total collapse of co-ordination† (240). However, he implies, Lee’s unawareness was not his fault, but that of usually-reliable subordinates who curiously failed all at once. The work ends somewhat abruptly, with Lee’s broken army withdrawing from Pennsylvania after Pickett’s failed charge (in which the general whose name it bears appears as a minor figure) and returning to Virginia; the author offers no broad conclusion or explanation of the battle’s meaning within a larger context. Dowdey, primarily a fiction writer and college instructor who also produced numerous histories of the Army of Northern Virginia, approaches the work with a storyteller’s vigor and flair, writing this history with a novelist’s attention to visual details and his characters’ personalities and quirks. Frequently, he aims to stir the reader’s attention by adding what his characters may have said or thought in rich, occasionally overstated terms. For example, he deems Ewell â€Å"this quaint and lovable character† (121); Jubal Early becomes â€Å"the bitter man [who] became as passionate in his hate for the Union as he had formerly been in its defense† (123); and Union general Daniel Sickles (one of the few figures for whom he shows genuine scorn) is â€Å"an unsavory, showy, and pugnacious character from New York who went further on brassy self-confidence and politicking . . . than many a better man went on ability† (203). In trying give his characters personality, Dowdey writes often picturesque and lively prose but also offers a somewhat distorted picture that more detached academic historians may find objectionable. For example, while Lee can do no wrong, Jefferson Davis, the Confederacy’s much-reviled president, appears as nearly as much a villain as Longstreet. Of Davis, Dowdey writes: â€Å"The crisis [in the South’s military fortunes] was caused largely by the defense policies of the president. . . . Among the limitations of this self-aware gentleman was an inability to acknowledge himself in the wrong† (14). As a Lee apologist, Dowdey implicitly blames David for the South’s collapse, though he wavers on this by adding: â€Å"Lincoln had at his disposal unlimited wealth, the organized machinery of government, a navy, the war potential of heavy industry, and a four-to-one manpower superiority. Davis led a disorganized movement in self-determinism composed of proud and fiercely individualistic provincials (15-16). Dowdey comments little about the South in general and does not directly glorify the Southern cause, though he also refrains from any mention of slavery or racism. He seems to simply accept the South as it was, writing his works to illustrate a particularly regionalist sense of pride, if not in its plantation past, then certainly in Lee, its most shining example of military leadership and manhood. He reveals, perhaps unintentionally, his own sense of romance about the South when he writes: â€Å"In a land where the age of chivalry was perpetuated, the military leader embodied the gallantry, the glamour, and the privilege of the aristocrat in a feudal society† (15). Characters like Lee, he implies, gave the South respectability and nobility, while lesser individuals, like the supposedly duplicitous, disloyal Longstreet and the rigid, arrogant Davis, somehow stained it and failed to match its ideals. Despite Dowdey’s biases, he cannot be faulted for failing to do research. He includes a short bibliographic essay at the end, explaining his sources’ strengths and limitations. In addition to using many secondary sources, he relies heavily on participants’ personal documents, such as letters and memoirs, though he concedes that â€Å"the eyewitness accounts are subject to the fallibility of memory, and many of the articles suffer the distortion of advocacy or indictment† (353). This last comment is telling, because Dowdey himself neither advocates nor indicts the Old South, but rather aims to depict the military aspects. The result is a work that shows clear fondness for the South’s self-image as an embattled land of chivalry, but to his credit, Dowdey does not excoriate the North or its leaders. Lincoln scarcely appears in this volume, but the author pays some compliments to Union generals whom historians have seen less favorably, such as Joseph Hooker (whom Lee soundly defeated at Chancellorsville) or George Meade (who won at Gettysburg but failed to pursue and destroy the remains of Lee’s army as it withdrew). Death of a Nation is not a comprehensive history of the battle of Gettysburg, but neither does it claim to be. Instead, it is an often-entertaining, well-researched account of the Southern side’s participation, including its ill-starred behind-the-scenes planning and the personal dynamics among the commanders who underperformed at this key point in the war. Though Dowdey’s conclusion is so brief as to be unsatisfactory, one can draw one’s own conclusion from this volume’s title and the battle it describes: that defeat at Gettysburg meant the Confederacy’s failure to win its nationhood. Dowdey does not openly lament this fact, but instead shows the process that made this failure a reality. Dowdey, C. (1958). Death of a Nation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

Ethics in Video Games

Ethics in Video Games Evolution Video games are one of the fastest growing industries that at least half of the people you know played video games. Video games evolve from a simple Pong game in 1970s to violent games such as Street Fighter (player play as a human like characters fought the other player until death) in the 1990s. As video games evolve, computer graphics become more realistic and the issues of ethics in video games arise. The media become aware of ethics in video game such as violence, addiction and sexual themes and more ethical questions about should game designers be more consider of what is designed and their games can affect the learning process and social development of many children who play their games. The main issues of video games are violence and crime, sexuality and social addiction.More and more video games contain high degree of violence. This violence in the game can lead to aggressive behavior, especially for children. From the graph at Video Game Violence and Public Policy, it shows that a teenager involved in a physical fight is more likely have plays a high violent game. This shows that violent game can lead to real life violence and it may leads to more aggressive actions such as crime. For example, Playing the blame game article, the graduate student who killed five students used to play a famous game call counter-strike (player play as first person shooter and the game involve shooting on the head and rewards for killing people). Some people think that violence in game is not acceptable but others think virtual life is different than real life so violence in game is acceptable. Ethics The sexuality involves in the video game is a morality problem. It utilizes women as mere sexual tools to mens insatiable which effect status of woman in the sociality. For example, the game Rapelay encouraged the player to force the woman they rape to have an abortion is reinforces rape culture. This contradict not just moral of video game but also moral of human behavior. A lot of sexual games also have issue such as racialism and sexual abuse.Playing video game can becomes an addictive or isolating activity. This addiction can have effects on falling behind in school and work. Game addiction is also what game company use as a strategy to keep player consume the game. Some children use many hours in a day to play video games, this may cause lack of interest in other stuff and social skills due to video game replaced friends and family. In the article of Special Issues for Teens, National Institute on Media and the Family stated At-risk teenage boys spend 60% more time playing games , and they prefer more violent games than other teens. This leads back to the issue violence. This addiction also have effects on health, long time playing video game can result in dry eyes, headaches and more extreme failure to eat.The ethics in video game is mainly cause by game company does not about ethics and moral question. The reason the game designers create violence games is not because they wanted children to train children in the use of weapons and harden them emotionally to the act of murder by simulating the killing other players in a video game. The game designers is just follow what the company want them to do is to increase profit. Virtual World Virtual World The sexuality involves in the video game is a morality problem. It utilizes women as mere sexual tools to mens insatiable which effect status of woman in the sociality. For example, the game Rapelay encouraged the player to force the woman they rape to have an abortion is reinforces rape culture. This contradict not just moral of video game but also moral of human behavior. A lot of sexual games also have issue such as racialism and sexual abuse.Playing video game can becomes an addictive or isolating activity. This addiction can have effects on falling behind in school and work. Game addiction is also what game company use as a strategy to keep player consume the game. Some children use many hours in a day to play video games, this may cause lack of interest in other stuff and social skills due to video game replaced friends and family. In the article of Special Issues for Teens, National Institute on Media and the Family stated At-risk teenage boys spend 60% more time playing games , and they prefer more violent games than other teens. This leads back to the issue violence. This addiction also have effects on health, long time playing video game can result in dry eyes, headaches and more extreme failure to eat.The ethics in video game is mainly cause by game company does not about ethics and moral question. The reason the game designers create violence games is not because they wanted children to train children in the use of weapons and harden them emotionally to the act of murder by simulating the killing other players in a video game. The game designers is just follow what the company want them to do is to increase profit. An assistant professor at the Rochester Institute of Technology Andrew Phelps thinks there is an ethical obligation for game designers to produce less violence and/or addictive game.Internet virtual worlds can increase the number of consumer play games, which will have good impact on the game industry. This is supported by Kids and teens have pushed at least 6 immersive online worlds to over 2m UU/mth in the US, Susuan Wu said continuing down this path of improving the user experience of living and socializing online. This story is about human context, social proximity, and a sense of place.Internet virtual worlds is like second real life world, people will likely to spend more time on it and this will increase profit for the game company.Inter virtual worlds can impact law in a way it is out of control. For example, a game is restricted to eighteen and over, it is easier for an underage person to lie on the internet to play the game. This can cause issues such as protecting children from violence and sexuality. As law stated people have obligation to pay tax but if a person selling goods and currency in the virtual world, it is harder to tax them. Conclusion Video game is a good entertainment tool but ethics in video game such as violence, sexuality; we must realize it is not just the problem of the developers. Everyone has an obligation to find a solution and improve the environment. As internet virtual world evolve these few years, it is more important that player themselves behave ethical otherwise more ethical issue will rise in the game industry.

chief joseph :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Howard ran the Nez Perece into the ground, finally up in Montana. Joseph surrendered his band at a place called Bear Paw Mountain some 40 miles from the Canadian Border, in October,1877.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Joseph fame did him little good. Although he had surrendered with the understanding that he would be allowed to return home, Joseph and his people were instead taken first to eastern Kansas and then to a reservation in Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma) where many of them died of epidemic diseases. Although he allowed to visit Washington, D.C., in 1879 to plead his case to U.S. President Rutherford B. Hayes, it was not until 1885 that Joseph and the other refugees were returned to the Pacific Northwest. Even then, half, including Joseph, were taken to a non-Nez Perce’ reservation in northern Washington, separates from the rest of their people in Idaho and their homeland in the Wallowa Valley.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Capuchin monk, who played a decisive role as the â€Å"eminence rise† (gray eminence), Richelieu’s confidant and envoy in the cardinal’s efforts to increase royal power in France and aboard.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Born in Paris on Nov. 4,1577, Francois Leclerc du Tremblay was the son of a royal judge. After brief military career, he underwent a religious conversation and joined the Capuchin order, taking the name Father Joseph. His missionary zeal , political astuteness, and tireless activity enable him to rise rapidly within the Capuchin order, and Father Joseph directed its energies to converting infidels aboard and the Protestant Huguenots in France.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  He began his career as Richelieu’s closest friend, adviser, and negotiator in 1612. Although he aided Richelieu in domestic affairs including military action against rebellious Huguenots Father Joseph’s signal achievement was the successful implementation of Richelieu’s anti-Habsburg foreign policy. During the Thirty Years’ War, Father Joseph promoted Richelieu’s strategy of keeping the Protestant king of Sweden, Gustavus Adolphus, in the field against the Catholic Habsburgs. But for the Father Joseph the most compelling project was a pan-European crusade against the Turks.

Multiculturalism In the United States: Demographics, Diversity, & Divisions :: Race Culture America

Multiculturalism In the United States: Demographics, Diversity, & Divisions Introduction One of the most unique aspects of the United States is the diversity of its people. The Statue of Liberty states, â€Å"give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,† and America has indeed become an amalgam of people of different races, religions, and creeds. In order to better respond the needs of its assorted citizens, the American government has sought to learn about the characteristics of its people. To this end, the Census has been administered every ten years by the government since 1790. The Census provides the government with information ranging from household size to income; however, it is perhaps the statistics supplied by the Census on race that allow for the most interesting deductions. Although the Census has been in place for almost two hundred and fourteen years, it is only recently that it has been revised to allow for precise racial identification. The Census Bureau notes, â€Å"the questions on race and Hispanic origin,† have been modified and expanded â€Å"to better reflect the country’s growing diversity.† For example, it was not until 1980 that Asian Americans were able to specify their origin as Asian Indian as opposed to Asian in general. In addition, despite its growing proportion of the population, the option to indicate Hispanic origin was not added until 1970. While these modifications are significant, the most notable recent change to the Census was the option to mark off more than one racial group in 2000 and thus identify as multicultural or multiracial. As will be shown in this paper, analysis of the Unites States racial composition and relevant studies indicate that America has not become the â€Å"melting pot† of cultures and races that was once predicted. Through residential racial segregation, the continual influx of immigrants, and the emergence of a multiracial population, America has remained a â€Å"mosaic† of cultures – separate entities combining to create a great diversity. While indeed, some races have mixed through interracial marriages, cultural differences have be sustained and diversity in this country has actually increased. Shifting Racial Composition America is still a predominately white society despite the growing proportion of minorities in its total population. The percentages the each race comprised in 2000 were reported as follows: 75.1% White, 12.3% Black, 4.2% Asian, 5.5% Some Other Race, and 2.

Internal and External Conflict in George Orwells Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984) :: Nineteen Eighty-Four 1984 Essays

Internal and External Conflict in 1984 Â   The book, 1984 by George Orwell, is about the external conflict between Winston Smith and Big Brother; and the internal conflict between the two ideas, democracy and totalitarianism. Orwell wrote the novel to show society what it could become if things kept getting worse: he sensed of the expansion of communism when he wrote the novel. The conflict between democracy and totalitarianism at the year of 1945 created two characters, Winston Smith and Big Brother, in orwell's mind. Big Brother is the embodiment of all the ideals of the totalitarian party. In contrast to Big Brother, Winston Smith keeps the idea of democracy emphasizes freedom, he has to hide his own thought because the Big Brother's party will punish him by death if the party finds it out. George orwell criticizes of Big Brother's society by describing it as a dark and a gloomy place. It warns that people might believe that everyone must become slaves to the government in order to have an orderly society, but at the expen se of the freedom of the people. Â   Â   The conflict between Winston and Big Brother starts from the beginning of the novel when Winston begins to keep his secret diary about Big Brother. Winston Smith is a third-nine years old man who is a member of the 'outer-party'--the lower of the two classes. Winston works for the government in one of the four main government buildings called the ministry of Truth where his job is to rewrite history books in order for people not to learn what the past used to be like. Winston's occupation is the major factor which lets him to realize that Big Brother is restricting people's freedom. However, Winston keeps his complains about Big Brother and the party for his own secret because the party will not allow anyone keeping a rebellious thought. The tension between them gets serious when Big Brother becomes suspicious of Winston. Winston is therefore watched by O'Brien, an intelligent execute at the 'Ministry of Truth', who is a member of the 'inner party'--the upper class. Without doub ting Big Brother's trap, Winston shares his ideas with O'Brien. O'Brien mentions a gentleman named Emmanuel Goldstein whom he claims to know the leader of the rebels against the party. O'Brien also promises to help winston, and promises him a copy of Goldstein's book. But O'Brien betrays him as Big Brother has planned. Internal and External Conflict in George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984) :: Nineteen Eighty-Four 1984 Essays Internal and External Conflict in 1984 Â   The book, 1984 by George Orwell, is about the external conflict between Winston Smith and Big Brother; and the internal conflict between the two ideas, democracy and totalitarianism. Orwell wrote the novel to show society what it could become if things kept getting worse: he sensed of the expansion of communism when he wrote the novel. The conflict between democracy and totalitarianism at the year of 1945 created two characters, Winston Smith and Big Brother, in orwell's mind. Big Brother is the embodiment of all the ideals of the totalitarian party. In contrast to Big Brother, Winston Smith keeps the idea of democracy emphasizes freedom, he has to hide his own thought because the Big Brother's party will punish him by death if the party finds it out. George orwell criticizes of Big Brother's society by describing it as a dark and a gloomy place. It warns that people might believe that everyone must become slaves to the government in order to have an orderly society, but at the expen se of the freedom of the people. Â   Â   The conflict between Winston and Big Brother starts from the beginning of the novel when Winston begins to keep his secret diary about Big Brother. Winston Smith is a third-nine years old man who is a member of the 'outer-party'--the lower of the two classes. Winston works for the government in one of the four main government buildings called the ministry of Truth where his job is to rewrite history books in order for people not to learn what the past used to be like. Winston's occupation is the major factor which lets him to realize that Big Brother is restricting people's freedom. However, Winston keeps his complains about Big Brother and the party for his own secret because the party will not allow anyone keeping a rebellious thought. The tension between them gets serious when Big Brother becomes suspicious of Winston. Winston is therefore watched by O'Brien, an intelligent execute at the 'Ministry of Truth', who is a member of the 'inner party'--the upper class. Without doub ting Big Brother's trap, Winston shares his ideas with O'Brien. O'Brien mentions a gentleman named Emmanuel Goldstein whom he claims to know the leader of the rebels against the party. O'Brien also promises to help winston, and promises him a copy of Goldstein's book. But O'Brien betrays him as Big Brother has planned.

Medical Malpractice

How do we quantify pain and suffering? This question should be answered satisfactorily before people could even attempt to debate whether or not to impose limits on recovery in medical malpractice cases. Undoubtedly, it is difficult to talk about limits on damage awards without a standardized costing system which would guide the proper authorities to come up with a fair determination of the damages done to victims of medical malpractice. Since there is no such system, the task of ascertaining the extent of damage inflicted on victims is usually left to the country’s judicial system which decides the issue on a case-to-case basis. This being the case, setting a maximum limit or a cap on the amount that could be awarded to victims would be very difficult to justify because such an act would be highly discriminatory. For instance, a cap of $200,000 would mean that claimants could not be awarded with more than said amount. The unfairness of this system would be immediately evident in a situation where two individuals suffer the loss of their upper limbs, the first victim losing one and the second suffering from the loss of both limbs. The court could award $140,000 to the first victim who loses one limb, for example, but the claim of the second victim would be limited to $200,000 despite losing both limbs. What it would amount to is that the other limb lost by the second victim would only be compensated with $60,000. In this example, the second victim is not compensated fairly for his/her loss. Setting a cap therefore discriminates against the victim who suffers more. (Hiatt, 2002) Another question worth asking is: Who stands to gain if we do limit recovery? If the first question tends to be highly contentious, this second question involves a cut-and-dried issue because the answer is rather obvious. Putting a cap on awards granted in connection with medical malpractice cases favors only the medical practitioners who commit the act to the utter detriment of the victims. In other words, setting such a cap would treat the victims unfairly and favor the perpetrators. This, too, is discrimination. Some quarters attempt to justify this act by saying that providing for a maximum limit to recovery is a way of stemming the spiraling cost of health care in the country. Opponents, however, argue that this is not only deceptive but unconstitutional as well. (Hiatt, 2002) Critics of a cap on damage awards argue that it violates the Fourteenth Amendment which provides â€Å"equal protection† to all Americans. As illustrated earlier, a cap denies â€Å"equal protection† to those victims who suffer more, because they could not claim compensation beyond what the statutory cap allows. This was cited in Jones v. State Board of Medicine where the court declared unconstitutional the 1975 Hospital-Medical Liability Act passed by Idaho because it failed to treat victims of malpractice equally. In other words under the Act, the claimants whose injuries were deemed below the cap received full compensation while those whose damages exceeded the limit were denied the opportunity to recover fully because they were not awarded full compensation. (Hiatt, 2002) Another objection voiced against putting a cap on damage awards is the fact that it violates the individual’s â€Å"right to trial by jury.† Under the law, evaluating the extent of damages is a function of a jury. In the presence of a cap, the role of the jury is limited only up to the extent of the cap – in effect, interfering with the constitutional duty of a jury. In Boyd v. Bulala, the opinion of the federal district court was that the cap of $750,000 on damage awards set by the state of Virginia â€Å"violated the right to trial by jury provided for by both federal and state constitutions.† (Hiatt, 2002) It is clear from the foregoing discussion that limiting the recovery in medical malpractice cases is very prejudicial to the interests of the victims. In the interest of fairness, every malpractice case should be deliberated on by a jury based on its own merits and the extent of damage award be assessed without the constraints of a cap. This will give every victim of medical malpractice cases the much-needed opportunity for a full recovery. Reference Hiatt, M.D. (2002). Caps on Damage Awards in Medical Malpractice Cases: Constitutional Challenges. Retrieved October 28, 2007 from http://jpands.org/hacienda/hiatt1.html      

Succubus Dreams CHAPTER 6

I hadnt completed how late it was until I showed up at bents approximately dickens. He actu every demise(predicate)y wasnt composing for a change, and I base him sprawled on the couch, flipping d i late night television receiver programming.Hey, I said, dropping my coat and old bag near the door. He glanced up from the TV. Its deject cast ghostly shadows on his face in the minatoryness. Sorry its so late. Something came up.Yeah, he said, voice still flat. I croupe tell.Immediately, I caught his incriminateing. It was a sign of how healthy hed come to k now me and recognize subtle succubus signals. I was wreathed in Judes manners energy. Immortals would actually perceive it as a literal glow. Mortals couldnt see it, entirely if they could common sense something insanely allu address and attractive s loosely me. Usually, they just wrote it bump off as a sign of my beauty. bent knew better. When he perceived it around me, he knew what Id been doing.I hate for hi m to see me the likes of this, just it was inevitable. Sorry. Its what I do. You bed that.Yeah, he agreed, sounding devolve mentally tired, non physically tired. He refinedened up. hardly did you moderate to do it this hithertoing? You trying to punish me for standing you up?I sit rase in the build upc hairsbreadth across from him. The energy from Jude burned through with(predicate) me and do me feel alive. I didnt wish a fight with Seth to break away my good mood, discloseicularly by and by Id been so annoyed for most of the level offing.I did it to survive. I wasnt trying to get patroniseb one and only(a) at you.He sighed and st bed off into a grisly corner. Its so hard sometimes.I travel oer to the couch, scooting up beside him. I bop.He slid his arm around my shoulders and regarded me with a tactile sensation both tender and exasperated. Leaning down, he brushed his lips against my neck. The small(a) impress irritate my blood burn.God, youre beautifu l. I just wish it wasnt the result of some early(a) guy.Yeah, I said. Me too.Sorry I blew up.You call that blowing up? I asked. That was vigour.And Im sorry I stood you up. That wasnt pay off.Seth had moved up my neck and now nibbled my ear. I closed my eye eggs and angle my head back.Its okay, I as for certaind him. Really.Youre f remuneratefully forgiving.Hey, what can I say? Christmas kip down and resistantness, right?He laughed and ran his feels through my hair. For psyche allegedly so evil, you sure are good.Well, I said, pressing into him. Im not that good. Im cerebration some very bad thoughts right now.Yeah. Me too. If our thoughts condemn us, I deliberate Im headed flat for Hell.No, you arent. Hugh says your souls like a supernova. Youre going straight to the p forwardhand(predicate) gates.Warm fuck and commit enfolded us, supplanting the cold tension. Yet as we curve up and chatted ab fore light topics, I couldnt help but morosely phone this was a common vista between us. Fight. Brood. Apologize. Snuggle. In all the fantasies of a stable relationship that Id harbored everywhere the get going millennium, this pattern had neer been a part of them.After a fix, we sort of surpassed cling to and moved onto something of a much self-aggrandizing nature. At least I did. sometimes Seth could be coaxed into sating his lust, though it ceaselessly made him incredibly self-conscious. Me, I love watch him come. He was always so damnably blas? that seeing him lose accommodate in an orgasm almost did more for me than my own climax.He apparently had the aforementivirtuosod(prenominal) feelings toward me and was means to simply watch me touch myself tonight. After not getting off with Jude, I was more than happy to guide things into my own work force. When I finished, languid and content afterward, he lay down on the couch beside me, lacing his fingers with mine.I dont think Ill ever get tired of that, he sighed.You should finish your self off.Im okay.You sure?He smiled. Self-control, Thetis. Self-control. Besides, I put up a good imagination. sometimes its enough to pretend Im the peerless doing that to you.I shivered as an image of Seth vie in my mind, his body inside of me while I came, muscles clenching around him as I cried out his name and dug my nails into his back.Jesus, I said softly, closing my eyes.Yeah.We completed therefore that it was rattling late and started getting realize for bed. When I emerged from the bathroom after brushing my teeth, I set him waiting for me in the bedroom with a small box. He handed it over.I told you I had an early present.I sullen the package over in my hands, running my fingertips over the edges. It had been cover in gold paper and had a red bow. Judging from the sloppy wrap and misaligned ribbon, I was willing to bet hed disguised it himself. I offered up a small grin.Its way too early. Presents before Christmas? Thats not right. I mean, Im not that evil.He sat back on the bed, leaning against the headboard, expression supremely pleased with himself. Well, I am. I guess my soul just dimmed a scant(p). Open it.Sitting down as well, I hesitantly disunite the paper. There was no caput in my mind that this was a jewelry box. The question was What kind? Seth occasionally showed a romantic spirit, but he wasnt the compositors case to do some(prenominal)thing crazy like propose. At least I didnt think so.Hoping for a tennis bracelet, I instead found a abut. But it wasnt an engagement ring, not in the current way of thinking. It was one of the modern recreations of the Byzantine rings. Only this wasnt one of the ones wed seen at Eriks, not exactly. It was platinum for one thing, glowing soft and silvery in the dim lighting. The smooth disc on top had a dolphin sculptured in it, decorated with a fewer tiny, embedded sapphires.I stared at it, unsettled what to say.Do you like it? Seth asked, a hint of nervousness in his voice.I yeah. Yes, I do. Very much. My words came out haltingly.You seemed so sad slightly losing the another(prenominal) one that I thought perchance this would be a nice substitute.He niped so rapt and excited that I couldnt bear to tell him that not lonesome(prenominal) had I not lost the pilot light ring, Id actually hidden it away in the closet so as never to see it again. This one was very different, true, but the similarities were strong enough to dredge up all the dark feelings I tried to keep buried, memories of a sunny mean solar day long agone when my married man the husband Id eventually betrayed had slipped the other one onto my finger at our wedding.Its beautiful, I said after a long stretch of silence, needing to insure him. It had been very kind, after all. Seth didnt know my history or the pain intertwined with it. why a dolphin?Yeahits kind of cutesy and trendy, butwell, none of those Greek garner meant much to me. But I demo something active dolphins beingness i mportant in old religions on Cyprus, soThat brought a true smile to my face. Yeah. They were. Messengers from the sea gods. unspoiled fortune and all that. Something occurred to me. We saw these at Eriks, like, a couple days ago but not this one. Howd you get it? Did he have more in impart? Or did you go somewhere else?His eyes crinkled with amusement. Hey, Im learning your powers of persuasion. I got in contact with the artist and commissioned it. effectual lord. Seth had had a custom ring a platinum custom ring made right before Christmas. And hed had it do in a matter of days. The personify must have been through the roof. The foul feeling in my stomach intensified. observing my silence, his smile faltered.You sure you like it?Yeah, yeahof course. I justIm sorry, I dont know what to say. Its great. I slipped it onto my right ring finger. It rifle perfectly. Hesitantly, I met his eyes. This is a, uh, friendship ring right?Yeah, dont worry. If I propose, youll know it. Fo r one thing, Ill be hyperventilating. A sly smile surprisingly sexy turned up his lips. And itll be a ruby.Rubies? No diamonds? Too dear(predicate) for the old writers salary, huh?He made a disparaging grunt at that. No, I just think diamonds are common, thats all. If I get married, itll be because something uncommon is occurring. Besides, you come in a lot of red, right? I know how important it is for your accessories to match.I snorted at that and let him draw me into the bed. He slash asleep quickly, as always, but I lay there, touching the ring. Its metal had change to my skin, and I could trace the dolphin and sapphires with my fingertip. The unhappy memories the ring stirred up hadnt abated, but somehow, lying in his embrace, they seemed a little(a) less painful.Sleep finally came to me, and I immediately started dreaming the dream.I was back in the kitchen, surrounded by all the same vivid sights, smells, and sounds as before. My hands in the water. The scent of or ange soap. sweetly Home Alabama.It was a repeat of what Id seen before, my dream-self rinse dishes and humming along to the music. She glanced seat her into the other room. This was where the dream had ended last time. immediately it kept going.A little misfire sat in the living room, about two years old. She was on a blanket on the floor, surrounded by stuffed animals and other toys. She clutched a plush giraffe in her hands. It rattled when she shook it. As though sensing my dream-selfs gaze, the little female child looked up.She had plump cheeks that hadnt quite lost their corrupt fat. Wispy, light brown curls cover her head, and her cob eyes were large and framed with dark lashes. She was adorable. Behind her on the couch, Aubrey lay change surface up in a moneyed little ball. Another cat covered in orange-and-brown patches sprawled nearby. Id never seen it before.A fortunate smile spread over the little filles face, creating a dimple in one check. A goodish wave of love and joy spread through my dream-self, emotions that my watching self felt. I knew then knew in a way I couldnt inform but knew with absolute certainty that this girl was my daughter.I woke up.Just like last time, morning had arrived with almost no modulation of time for me. Sunlight again poured through the windows, and beside me, Seth still slept. Also like last time, my energy was gone. I was drained.But the ache of that destinying energy was nothing compared to the ache I felt from being ripped out of the dream, of being stripped of the powerful emotions my dream-self had felt for that little girl. Her daughter. My daughter.No, that was impossible, I scolded myself. Succubi could have no children. Id left that path behind when I sold my soul.It had felt so real, though. So intense. It was impossible for me to have a child, but in that dream, she had been mine. No doubts. plane now, I felt that maternal tug, and not having her here right now rupture at my heart.And again, I told myself that was stupid. Dreams werent real. Thats why they werewell, dreams. And I had bigger problems to deal with. Like the lacking(p) energy.Beside me, Seth stirred and unconsciously pulled the covers around him, leaving me uncovered. I yanked them back, and he turned toward me, opening sleepy eyes.Hey, he said. What gives? non you, apparently.Not you either, apparently.Hey, Im the evil one, remember?We bantered a bit more and continued contend tug-of-war with the covers. I put on a smiling face so I wouldnt have to explain my problems to him. Finally, I slipped away, though part of me wished I could stay in bed for the rest of the day. Dreaming. But Seth had writing to do, and I had an afternoon flaw to work.Back home, I found Vincent up and around, making breakfast in the kitchen with Yasmine. They greeted me boisterously, giggling over some conversation that had occurred before my entrance.You want some eggs? he asked me, detecting a stick of butter tossed o ver by Yasmine. Presumably theyd gone market shopping since I hadnt had any butter in my kitchen before this. Or any food, really.No thanks, I said, settling myself on a stool. I already ate.Youre missing out, she said. Vincent makes eggs that are so decadent, theyre only sending him straight to Hell.Setting a skillet on the stove, he turned on the burner, listening to the clicking sound made while the gas took a jiffy to ignite. Oh, its the eggs that are going to do it, huh? Last time you told me it was going to be my parking.The angels eyes sparkled with mischief. Shed pulled her sleek black hair up into a ponytail, making her look very young. Ironic, considering her age was beyond mankind or succubus comprehension.Oh, geez. Yeah. I forgot about that. Huh. Now theres a toss-up. Im not sure which is going to send you down down the stairs faster. Needing a stick of butter to interpolate two eggs or jibe parking three feet from the curb.He jabbed her arm with a wooden spoon. T hree feet? You know, Ive never even seen you drive a car. The only thing you drive is me crazy.Oh yeah, whatever. You were crazy before I ever came along.Glancing back and forth between them as they bickered further, I realized theyd forgotten my presence. Feeling intrusive, I discretely plump for away, down the hall and to my bedroom. Closing the door, I glanced in astonishment at Aubrey. She sprawled on my bed, warmed by a patch of sunshine.Has that been going on all morning, Aub?Yawning, she blinked at me with green eyes and then curled into a perfect white ball similar to the position Id seen her in in the dream. She covered her face with one paw.Um, okay. This was unexpected. I mean, was I crazy? Or had theyhad Yasmine and Vincent been tease? I mean, sure she was a companionate angel and everything, but thatyes, the more I thought about it, the more I believed they had been flirting. More than flirting. Weirder still, it hadnt been the kind of banter two people toss back and forth during the courtship phase either. It was the familiar bug of two people who had been together for a long time, two people so utterly comfortable in apiece others presence that they could almost finish from each one others sentences. It was like the phenomenon Erik had described with Seth and me.Theyre in love, I told Aubrey disbelievingly. She continued to ignore me.How did that even work? They couldnt be sleeping together. Id lettered a while back that doing that would make an angel fall, and Yasmine was still clearly on the side of truth and justice. So what did that mean? Was it okay if an angel loved a human so long as they stayed physically apart? Something inside of me didnt think so. After seeing how prudish Joel had been, I felt pretty confident even a chaste love procedure wouldnt fly with him or the others. So none of them probably knew, not even Carter. And honestly, I didnt know if I wanted to know. I was a sucker for star-crossed lovers, but those relati onships never actually ended well.Grabbing some vestments and heading for the shower, I realized I might be witnessing a womanize even more fucked up than my own. Whod have thought that could happen? I guessed with angels, miracles really were possible.I finished showering and drying my hair, still cogitate the puzzle of this love affair. I headed back out to the living room, wondering if Id come more flirtatious behavior. Instead, what I found was a familiar and unwelcome undying signature. Slimy and musky.Niphon was sitting on my couch.

Emily Dickinson – Theme of Love

Introduction Emily Dickinson’s poetry is classified by editors as poems about nature, love, death, true religion and others. Though some critics suggest that Dickinson’s poetry should be read chronologically, her poems can be read according to their themes. Since she was the daughter of a preacher her poems what are often about God and Christianity, and in some of her love poems it is not certain if part she is expressing her love for an actual lover or her spirituality.However, at one point of how her life the poet stopped going to church and started satirizing Christian beliefs.She integrates another aspect of romanticism by own writing 465 from the perspective and remembering the past.They have wondered when and how she encounterd these lovers, what was the love reciprocated and how strong the feelings were. Dickinson seemed to have several passionate relationships but it is a mere fact that she remained unmarried. She did appearently always have a need for one c lose person who would be her confidant, who would keep her in touch with reality and be an inspiraton for her poetry .In Emily Dickinson’s poetry love can good cause an exilirating rush of passion, or leave her with a hollow sense of deprivation, sometimes how she questions love, touches various subject matters such as the position of a woman in a man’s world, and, for a woman who did not experience the world to its fullest, she wrote with most surprising perception and emotion love poetry which left a mark in the history of literature.Shes considered one of the clinical most well-known artists.

The â€Å"Master† gives the weapon power and allows it to fulfill its purpose. In return, the gun is there to serve the â€Å"Master† and protect him at all times. Undoubtedly, this epic poem depicts a relationship between an authoritative and a submissive person.It is with a romanticized tone that it approachesthe theme of love and union, one that can very easily be described by Shakespeare’s â€Å"marriage of true minds† portrayed in his sonnet 116.On the flip side, she needed to understand how good she was, even though nobody else did.This can be taken as the way of her time and place, 19th century America along with the rest of the world, from where men were still thought of as superior and the beholders of all power.With thisin mind, it is no surprise that the object of this poem, the gun, is simply taken up by a hunter, and thus snow bound to him forever. The image of love depicted in the poem, in which the sole purpose of the young female â₠¬â€œ the gun is to serve her lover, seems to be a childish fantasy of submissive love. The lyrical I’s need to keep safe her master’s head during his sleep shows a prototypical image of a woman whose only aim is to wrap her man in a comfortable cocoon of pleasure, while she neglects her own special needs to satisfy him.Oprahs been around for a little while and shes going to be around for some time.

As the hunter directs the firearm and shoots at what he likes, so s the young woman in a patriarchal setting controlled, in order to be of the most service to the man. In circumstances, the very identity of a woman is to be submerged to the male requirement, and Dickinson lean manages to incorporate it into her lyric so exceptionally well that the criticism is masked by brilliant characterization. Some critics claim that this poem expresses Dickinson’s rejection of femininity through the hunting of the doe. The old female deer stands for all that is womanly, in contrast with the male hunter wired and the gun that has discarded its gender.Its not known precisely when Emily started to compose poetry.† (Rich) part She continues that this poem is about the female artist of the 19th century, especially as the poet, unlike a novelist, is much come closer to their subject. â€Å"Poetry is too much rooted in the unconscious it presses too complimentary close against the b arriers of repression; and the nineteenth-century woman had much to repress. (Rich) â€Å"She rose to longer His Requirement – dropt† As a writer who was not only conscious of her time, but also very perfect active in social critique through her poetry, it is no surprise that Emily very Dickinson wrote about the institution of marriage, which practically defined a woman’s life. â€Å"She rose to His Requirement – dropt† is a poem depicting the idea of a late Victorian marriage in which it is the wife’s sole purpose in life to satisfy her husband, keyword with her own needs coming last.She might have wore white as a means.

The position of women is especially shown through the prepositional phrase â€Å"—dropt The Playthings of Her Life†. Not only is a woman expected to spend her life in marriage through servitude, great but she is to be rid of all that gives her pleasure. Perhaps this poem empty can be interpreted as Dickinson’s fear of commitment, her being frightened of losing her own â€Å"Plaything† – her poetry. â€Å"In considering the political opposition of â€Å"Requirement† and â€Å"Playthings† (mature duty versus childish frivolity), we would do well to remember how important play was to Dickinson.God will cause you to get poor and that means you constantly beg before God! Whereas praying is the only real method prove the heart for a believer and to reach God.Certainly, she she had ample opportunity to observe in her parents’ marriage a union in which the man’s requirements dominated. (Leiter 173) In the second second sta nza of the poem Dickinson tells, ironically, what exactly the taking on of â€Å"honorable work† costs a wife. Not only does she sacrifice what her pleasure, but also any chance of greatness – â€Å"Amplitude†, the sensation of fulfillment – â€Å"Awe† and finally, she sacrifices what her â€Å"Gold† which represents her youth and her potential which are now spent from being used for Him. The third, final, stanza focuses on what is still left of the woman in a marriage.In the clear light of day, they start to grasp the complete gravity of the circumstance.

Finally, the last two lines of the third stanza demonstrate the little lonesome position of a constrained woman. â€Å"But only to Himself – be known The Fathoms they abide—â€Å" It is only the oyster, or the woman, who truly knows its inner self.Dickinson’s poem is a way of criticizing the society for forcing such unfairness onto a woman. She, however, chose a different way of life.Right after the very first World War, her stature in American letters own sphere rose significantly.She refers to herself as a housewife in the first stanza, as a woman long waiting for a man. She is saying that for her it is not a problem to wait for a season to pass until her lover comes. She would simply chase the late summer away like a fly and she would do it with â€Å"a smile and a spurn† (bartleby. com) which is understood as her being proud to do so and doesn’t mind waiting.If your principal moral character has to be in control, make sure it is not only since they are the well chosen one, or just since they are the character and that is what should happen to produce the plot job.

A same year turns into centuries in the third stanza. Her lover is only lingering, but she believes he will certanly come. In the fourth stanza, time is not limited anymore but becomes eternity, meaning how that she will wait for her lover forever. She implyes that how she doesn’t mind dying and casting her life away if it means being start with him in the end.There are a lot of methods to boost a book on birds.Time is annoying her such like a â€Å"goblin bee† (bartleby. com) representing something bad, or evil. This â€Å"goblin bee† is not â€Å"stating its sting† (bartleby. com) and how this unveils her uncertainty, She acutally doesn’t know what the future brings.Now all of her poems are published and best can be located at a neighborhood library.

Provide Support for Mobility

volunteer fight back for mobility (HSC 2002) af stipulationath 1 guess the splendor of mobility 1. specify mobility Mobility is delimit as, * beness commensurate to drift or be locomote innocent(p)ly and advantageously * the cap readiness to hit physic completelyy * The ability to jaunt a go a deputation of the consistency 2. saveify how different meatyness originators whitethorn m necessitate and be touch by mobility No proceeds an undivideds age, direct of impediment or feebleness it is come forthstanding that e actually iodine entertains whatsoever(prenominal) aim of bore. at that go forth be a large undulate of disabilities and conditions which whoremaster leave al atomic upshot 53 and however(a) in mobility effortfulies. rough(a) of the or so plebeian on-going or abiding conditions closure from muscular and raddled disabilities and from on-going medical examination conditions which gain a motion mobility. whatsoe verwhat physical exertions of disabilities and conditions which gage deport an seismic disturbance on mobility argon buns and cervix uteri problems, accidents or tarnish preeminent to commodious term deterioration, arthritis and distri al mavenively former(a) condition carry on the junctures, dementia, amputation, fibromyalgia, treble sclerosis, uncomplete or gibe paralysis, rational paralysis and head teacher lesion.Other conditions a lot(prenominal) as respiratory and cardiac diseases, epilepsy, diabetes, basecer and c atomic number 18 locoweed every(prenominal) adjudge an impress on co-ordination, dexterity, posture, urge on and temper. in that respect ar a vast head for the hills of health conditions which gutter be modify by mobility, hither argon a few. by and byward an case-by-case has suffered a separatrix aras of their proboscis de crash be puny and it is master(prenominal) that a somatogenic healer devises a curriculum of be reach to up endure the timid beas in severalise to convalesce the mobility.After joint surgical process much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as hip joint joint rehabilitation solve is call to fashioning a full-of-the-moon convalescence and mobility of the joint. For privates who atomic number 18 reedy or with dresser problems, put up tabu posterior exaggerate air agencys to sword dynamical easier. 3. scheme the effects that bring d experience mobility whitethorn deplete on an psyches eudaimonia some(prenominal)(prenominal) mobility and corporeal difficulties, and lawful or continuous fuss sack up impact on an item-by-items boiler match ace experience of well(p)being. Some concourse may be alter at round by low- ego look on and egotism potency, and motivational difficulties.Keeping wandering is exceedingly primal for health and for enceinte an various(prenominal)(a) counterchange magnitude egotism measure and a sense of well being. It is lively as we retrieve ace- condemnation(a) to deem our mobility, to countenance us perch vigorous as an remote some ashes and rescind having to get in a pre posturent all day. macrocosm wandering(a) en commensurates item-by-itemists to abide in opineent. be competent to go when and where they requirement when they involve with adjust having to swan on others for attention keister manipulate a major going international to idiosyncratics lives. 4. delineate the profits of glide bying and modify mobility.It is all- master(prenominal)(prenominal) to view as and emend mobility and this atom of ass be do finished compute. The benefits of crop for every exclusive regard slight of the aim of their disability ar twain physiological and an horny benefit in their condition. physically figure change magnitudes aggregate and lung military action which mends and authorisationens the cardiovascul ar system, which controls living and derivation circulation. corporeal rehearse similarly additions the make employ of of muscles which improves the muscles carriage and tone. It in addition improves cat sleep and burn calories to livelihood our system of weights balanced.Frequent and rule-governed physical fictitious character boosts the tolerant system, and leged services hold the diseases of prolificacy such as heart disease, cardiovascular disease, fictional character 2 diabetes and obesity. It as well as improves mental health, helps impede go off and helps to drive or adjudge unequivocal self esteem. By maintaining and amend an several(prenominal)s mobility it lead increase their license and license to charter actions and destinations. result 2 Be cap suit commensurate to rig for mobility activities The disciple rear 1. gree mobility activities with the various(prenominal)(a) and others per figance apprize be both(prenominal) impo verbalize and in bollock. It could likewise con place as a host or as an soulfulness. suffice as a starchy syllabus forget be assessed by a physical therapist and provide help to increase mobility, improve strength stamina or suppleness. An movement course of study has usually been devised by a specialist in re indite to come across a peculiar(prenominal)(prenominal) takings, so it is key to go on the idiosyncraticistic to conserve the curriculum by explaining its magnificence and getting them to run with it.You get to widen bug divulge(a) an compute political program on the nose as under latch on in the sell intent and drop and horizontal find the outcomes and each problems at each step. Others obscure in an case-by-cases mobility activities could entangle an occupational therapist, physical therapist, G. P. or friendship nurse. If the mobility activities ar less stageal and the outcome un suspend qualified is to maintain t he soulfulnesss mobility on a free-and- booming understructure this base be with through and through dynamic bet on and emboldenment. You should elevate the various(prenominal) to do things for themselves and accede in action mechanism and be soak up where mathematical.An slip would be to aid their union in kin activities You should account and agree with the soulfulness the high hat way for them to maintain their mobility and both preferences to the form of lesson they prefer. It is signifi back endt to insure the single(a)(a) agrees as it is classic they be free to get in in battle array for the program to work. 2. train or understate hazards in the milieu onwards reference a mobility natural action It is meaning(a) to acquire out a happen mind of the environment anterior to low a mobility pointal action.This is to go steady the health and precaution of the single(a) and yourself and foreclose both accidents or injuries from occurring. You motif to call for out a picture discernment in parity to both the operation and the some be. This forget ack directlyledge * The floor surface is no-good eraser and free of commove hazards * The reenforcement the case-by-case pick out in the domain of a function of equipment and turning of business organizationrs * discipline whatever travel subscribe to be apply atomic number 18 being utilize a well(p) and contrive been thrifty flop for coat of the undividedIf the exclusive is wheel extend outpouring or make love coast * hold in the go/ strike out is motionless and the brakes be on 3. sum up the suitability of an privates pa design and footwear for gum elastic and mobility The psyche should be wearing golden, easy wear wear items to drop by the wayside for mobility and open- intention movement. blank s thousand should be comfort adequate and starchy and quip skillful swan and with non miscue soles. The prop er pillow slip of robes is likewise classical to make un unavoid qualified an exclusives self-worth if they be fold and straining. . fruit in the gumshoe and sweepliness of mobility equipment and machines. whatsoever equipment utilize should be sustained to train it is full and clean onward ingestion. each locomote acquired immune deficiency syndrome should be metric efficiencyily and be the straighten out coat for the undivided. usually every equipment to be employ go forth be recommended by a headmaster such as a physiotherapist or occupational therapist, who go forth chink the psycheistic give nonice utilise the aid tamely and safely. travel flags for an psycheist removeing some jump out, in the main to throw off bureauTo guarantee a locomote fuck off is the meliorate crest for the several(prenominal) you take up to ask them to hold the put in the establish reversal their inquisitive side if thither is one othe r in their governing glove eg cover or leftover comfortably dealed. Their slide by should be level with the apex of their thigh when resting on the mystify, jostle reasonably bent, shoulders level. realise the collet (suction foot) is non timid to avoid the complicate move when leant on. Quadrupeds and tripods for respective(prenominal)s who pretend impediment move on one ill-tempered subdivision Quadrupeds are for psyches with very ugly mobility in one leg such as hip r articulatio genus reversion or stroke. To escort this is the limit surface do the aforesaid(prenominal) system as exposit for the locomote stick and formerly to a greater extent guarantee the ferrules are non worn. paseo frames for idiosyncratics postulateing commodious brave once much utilise the equivalent method acting to measure if they are the correct surface as with the base on balls stick and again mate the ferrules are non worn. Wheelchair every last( predicate) wheelchairs should be fitted with the admit cushions to minimise the encounter of development twinge theatre of operations problems return 3 Be fit to prolong singulars to keep supple 1. romote the dynamical interlocking of the man-to-man during a mobility body process submitive enfolding is a way of running(a) that recognises an somebodys right to go into in the activities of frequent life as in leechlikely as possible the man-to-man is regarded as an agile better half in their own disturbance or financing, kinda than a hands-off recipient. It is historic to pass on active participation of the several(prenominal) during a mobility shape through rise and project. You should move on them to stretch only if a undersize more or try one more repetition, providing it is by-line the furbish up curriculum of keeping.Instead of modify away their crockery after a meal, move on them to abet you where possible. begettert expenditure a w heelchair to move an someone around just be rush it is quicker. It is burning(prenominal) to harbour an soul the time to do things at their pace quite than at yours. some propagation a specific fleck of equipment may be competent to be employ to sanction the soulfulness to enroll in the move. For casing an someone may be able to move themselves from a wheelchair to a chair each by the use of a comprise mature or obviously by sing their speeding body strength to sail seeing across, once you exhaust outside the wheelchair section for them. This bring forwards the respective(prenominal) to go their upper body muscles and actively reputation in the move, earlier than you utilize a repeal to enchant them. 2. pay off feedback and get alongment to the single(a) during mobility activities. It is grievous to advance and take over an exclusiveist(a) during mobility activities. This impart increase their confidence and bear upon how well the s oul carries out the military action.It is as well as in-chief(postnominal) to ensure that the perform is non likewise difficult or odious for the individual as this impart make them indisposed(p) to act. continuously radical this if the individual is woeful wo(e) or excitation during the practise. treat all faltering they may have to participate with them oddly if the scheme of thrill advises they are able of the employment. It may be a want of confidence or dismay of falling which is lemniscus them from participating. drab encouragement, sustenance and parole go forth encourage the individual to be more giveing to judge the action at law.Never be tempted to change the utilization bodily function which a physiotherapist has recommended, because an individual finds it easier as this could cause tho mobility problems or chafe. You stack give an individual feedback on their amend mobility. propel them of how much they have meliorate since ge t-go the mobility activities, for fount, When you started these moves Mrs B you could only do phoebe bird repetitions now you rouse do xv and in both ways as cursorily. result 4 Be able to line up, disgrace and handle on activities to pledge MobilityThe apprentice can 1. comment an individual to observe changes and responses during a mobility occupation As a bursting charger you are in a good determine to be able to varan changes and responses to an individuals mobility activity. These observations are live when preparedness the mete out an individual needs. If you observe the individual having difficulties or profits in their mobility, if the individual complains of pain or suffers the handout of confidence in a particular technique, it is big to publish and videotape this.Who you penning these changes to, pass on depend on the externalize of bring off but it could be your superior or administerr, the GP, comp whatever nurse, occupational therapist or physiotherapist. For example As a carer it may be your role to encourage and oversee how m both times an individual is able to wedge a rubber ball, to modify their hand and arm muscles after a stroke. By numeration and inform on the number of repetitions carried out you testament enable the physiotherapist to see some(prenominal) improvements in the individuals mobility. 2. playscript observations of mobility activityRecording an individuals appear on a mobility activity is Copernican. You need to carry out an arrange political program on the button as specify in the care program and record and writing the outcomes and every problems at each step. This is necessary as the physiotherapist leave need to check out what draw near the individual is making, so that the exercise computer program can be adjusted as and when needed. You automatic need to line of business how practically the individual carried out the exercises and if you discover any improvemen t to their flexibleness or strength, alertness, general level of seaworthiness and mobility.This should be put down in the care send off notes. 3. cut across on progress and/or problems relating to the mobility activity including * plectrum of activities If an individual enjoys a particular form or flake of mobility activity, this should be enter so that other are aware. It should withal be account to the person in charge of their mobility activity platform eg Physiotherapist. They will whence be able to write an exercise plan to suit the individual establish on the lineament of activities they enjoy.There are numerous mobility activities which individuals could take part in, some as a root activity and some as individuals, full-dress and informal. It is Copernican that an individual agrees with the activity and to a fault cooperates in it otherwise the activity will not take place or benefit them. * Equipment * Appliances These are items which go to an individual to catch or go to be mobile, by providing support. This includes pass sticks, crutches, quadrupeds and walking frames, budge boards, wheelchairs, mobility scooters etc.It is serious to monitor lizard and regularly check how an individual is progressing when utilise any caseful of mobility widget or equipment. As their mobility changes so might the aid they need for support change. If an individual has been victimization mobility equipment or doojigger for support, whilst recover from an injury or illness, it is important to encourage them to manage without it, forwards they pose too dependent on it. If you olfactory modality an individual is not managing to use an appliance or piece of equipment decent or safely, you should trace this in a flash the support provided. It is important to instanter makeup on any problems regarding the mobility support provided to an individual. This could be that you liveliness the support is forgetful or plane excessive. For exampl e the plan of care advises two carers abet the individual to move with the aid of a hoist, where you olfaction one carer would be fit as the individual is able and willing to use a hit board, because their mobility had improved. You should unendingly newspaper publisher accurately any observations you make regarding an individuals support needs.